https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/home daily 1.0 2026-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1764795046861-9L8CECZQQY535SL5QMWE/unsplash-image-UdgvzNom0Xs.jpg Home https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/about-me daily 0.75 2025-12-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/fb9fdb4a-0d8a-4da5-951e-14345f077e90/53602636642_3dfb84828b_c.jpg About Me William Faulkner’s Grave, Oxford MS, 2021 https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/rastafari-visual-art daily 0.75 2017-12-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304507740-PZVJ6ES3LX7YOCZ37WVS/Figure+3.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Title: “Last Supper” Mural (n.d.), Grenada Photo: Darren J. N. Middleton https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304271355-T67ZKMMCWTO60NFBG6CK/Figure+5.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ras Terms Title: Ital Farm (n.d.) Source: Ras Shaun 1: http://s84.photobucket.com/user/Ras_shaun1/media/6364.jpg.html https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304432107-E4UA1EJ7CM1M6PM4325Q/Lois+Cordelia+-+Ital+Sacrifice+-+pen+drawing%2C+coloured+digitally+2006.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Lois Cordelia Title: Ital Offering (2006) Source: http://www.loiscordelia.com/ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304802422-DYLBJNL8KSGW371543Q3/Signs+and+Wonders.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ejay Khan Title: Signs and Wonders (2009) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304817265-YJHJBL1RU6PGNUJAPVSK/Earth%27s+Rightful+Ruler.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ejay Khan Title: Earth’s Rightful Ruler (2006) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304938469-0YG69X5UFG8Q2JMJWBUW/Free+to+Soar.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ejay Khan Title: Free to Soar (1998) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304980477-1LJSPQ136OBK3IQBCEHC/black+uhuru+2010.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Lois Cordelia Title: Black Uhuru (2010) Source: http://www.loiscordelia.com/ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513305013898-7RZ9TCYCPOGF6PY55P28/Rasta+Lion.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Selina Zontos Title: Rasta Lion (n.d.) Source: http://www.skavengeart.com/#!Ratsa-LIon/zoom/c50z/image19za https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513305074680-N0QYSJCAZ1OX7UY9DWRE/3+Rasta.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Unknown Artist Title: 3 Rasta (2008) Source: http://oneelove.deviantart.com/art/3-Rasta-97639072 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513305102612-6RKSE07TA8WISIDMJFOA/Armageddon.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Opio Chung Title: Rastafari Conquering Lion of Judah (2008) Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/32357038@N08/3142809403/ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304459907-62M9UJ7QITGIFZUSBKR2/Figure+7.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ras Dizzy Title: Rastas are Religios (1989) Source: Wolfgang Bender, ed., Rastafarian Art (Kingston and Miami: Ian Randle Publishers, 2005), 109. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304529753-8O6OLXGH72L161TZHBRJ/SpaceNTime-Magazine.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Album: Space N Time Artist: Ishence Graphic Design: True Love (www.Fikir-studios.com) Additional Details: http://www.higherboundprod.com/ Credit: Ryan “Ishence” Willard https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304464978-MHOPRRNWB7NJ4A3SJJCI/Rastafarian+Last+Supper.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ejay Khan Title: Rastafarian Last Supper (2009) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304806518-OSMMM7TV3CTGATJ7GN3A/Looks+like+Redemption.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Aritist: Ejay Khan Title: Looks Like Redemption (2009) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304897047-2Y0HHFWBMSWN3R3OHTR6/Conquering+Lion.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ejay Khan Title: Conquering Lion (2007) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304904712-3Y7K7U0Z63794Q805BQ8/rastalion.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Ejay Khan Title: Rasta Lion (2005) Source: http://www.khanstudiointernational.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304943058-D3Z5TN5HPRG5610ZC6ZM/Lois+Cordelia+-+Bob+in+Blue+-+2011.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Lois Cordelia Title: Bob in Blue (2011) Source: http://www.loiscordelia.com/ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513305009625-8Z5GHHKJQD5KNXXBHKZB/Jah.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Selina Zontos Title: Jah (n.d.) Source: http://www.skavengeart.com/#!Jah/zoom/c50z/imageb84 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513305055497-BVB5MWIM6VAYN0Z715X9/Jah+Rastafari.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Selina Zontos Title: Jah Rastafari (n.d.) Source: http://www.skavengeart.com/#!Ratsa-LIon/zoom/c50z/image19za https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304276908-W84TDWN3KOWD3H0175UV/tumblr_loqtm0tacw1ql9aj3o1_500.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Albert Artwell Title: The Black Star Liner (2001) Source: http://myjamaica.tumblr.com/post/7931156063/the-black-star-liner-by-albert-artwell https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513304441535-CR8RUBY2R420LG2Z16O5/photo-5.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Marcus Wilson Title: New Name Graphic Design: True Love (www.Fikir-studios.com) Additional Details: http://www.higherboundprod.com/ Credit: Ryan “Ishence” Willard https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513305122999-LISJLHU3SXIWA9A11O4R/Peeling+Bodies.jpg Rastafari Visual Art Artist: Chris Dyer Title: Peeling Bodies (n.d.) Source: http://www.artofimagination.org/Pages/Dyer_peelingbodies.html https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/seeing daily 0.75 2024-12-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/e950cbfb-3c7c-49ff-800e-c6f35b2ab400/_105831391_foreststand.png Seeing Nottingham Forest Football Club, England, U.K. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/commodifying-rasta daily 0.75 2017-12-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708542472-5GIVGKN430RARWPC1DM3/Figure+1.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rastanana Photo: Darren J. N. Middleton See Huffington Post article about Rastanana sitings. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708559969-GV6PRTDODDL7KVUE8VUI/IMG_1923.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rockstar Relax Drink Photo: Mark & Luke Ehrhardt Summer 201 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708614803-AXOCK0LTIBKXZ8XNHX3M/photo-2.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rum & Reggae Fury Water Adventures T-Shirt hoto: Mark & Luke Ehrhardt Summer 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709466846-2IDWGFK8L31ASM5OI1ZJ/Snoop+Lion+Here+Comes+the+King.jpg Commodifying Rasta Snoop Lion "Here Comes the King" Album Photo: http://pitchfork.com/news/48812-listen-to-snoop-lions-here-comes-the-king-produced-by-major-lazer/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709475906-BS3RJ6M4E83UXQZ1URC1/Rasta+Star+Energy+Drink.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Star Energy Drink Photo: http://nerdathlon.blogspot.com/2011/07/rasta-star-energy-drink.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709485906-LSWBC07ZIQC5ES7ON3PY/Rasta+Lion+Plush+Blanket.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Lion Plush Blanket Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-2315-rasta-lion-plush-blanket.aspx?gclid=CMWryveDnLkCFSpk7AodZm0Adw Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709522845-1RRKI127L85LWS6I1S17/King+of+Kings+T-Shirt.jpg Commodifying Rasta King of Kings T-Shirt Photo: http://www.popscreen.com/tagged/rasta-lion-judah-reggae/images Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709529917-RW74HJ023DJOZ852SU01/Headphones+1.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Skullcandy Headphones Photo: http://ca.skullcandy.com/shop/ink-d-rasta Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709596743-HX8CK1OJM6D4MG1UO8EM/Babylon+T-Shirt.jpg Commodifying Rasta Babylon T-Shirt Photo: http://xtheedgex.blogspot.com/2011/12/babylon-advisory-revolutionary-content.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709618977-3KBE9QW2UVTZT8S7W4N1/Wallet.jpg Commodifying Rasta Wallet Photo: http://surfedwave.ebookreaderstore.biz/p/quiksilver-the-cliff-rasta-tri-fold-wallet Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709634761-CWWCW7HZZV1ZWH1UG3ZR/Soccer+Ball.jpg Commodifying Rasta Soccer Ball Photo: http://www.footy-boots.com/adidas-wawa-aba/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709682440-U7JVFMSZI8XEYDYY2G88/photo.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Frogs Photo: Darren J. N. Middleton https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709757903-LF32H3ATGG4LXAJZ9SPI/Bob+Marley+Rasta+Smoke+Beach+Towel.jpg Commodifying Rasta Bob Marley Rasta Smoke Beach Towel Photo: http://www.electrictshirts.co.uk/bob-marley/bob-marley-rasta-smoke-beach-towel.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709771736-WDR27RRDQ2W33ME00S2S/Dub+Wise+Rasta+Lion+Purse.jpg Commodifying Rasta Dub Wise Rasta Lion Purse Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-2113-dub-wise-rasta-lion-large-barrel-purse-khaki.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709789834-GE6A4ASP3QXKC9EQQUZA/Lion+of+Judah+Lava+Lamp.jpg Commodifying Rasta Lion of Judah Lava Lamp Photo: http://www.cultureinterieur.com/en/motion-lamp-lava-lamp-reggae-lion-judah-25w-p-6773.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709810584-LLUI3866JKSRCEDBAVGG/Mouse.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rastamouse (2011) Photo: http://www.locatetv.com/blog/tag/rastamouse/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709817604-M6F4FREVQIJ63K4041KE/One+Love+Bumper+Sticker.jpg Commodifying Rasta One Love Bumper Sticker Photo: http://www.cafepress.com/mf/10650929/rasta-gear-shop-black-one-love_bumper-sticker Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709859560-CXRMH9OYPT9URYME7JJB/Rasta+Boardshorts.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Boardshorts Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/c-157-rasta-boardshorts-for-men.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709890041-QU5SDESLOJL3J6GI68NB/Rasta+Roll+Sushi.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Roll Sushi Photo: http://iloveaustin.tumblr.com/post/40627798780/rasta-roll-from-roll-on-sushi-diner-yelp Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709901737-65J0O5FUBBW9GPORG3R1/Rasta+Skirt.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Skirt Photo: http://www.ebay.com/itm/New-Sexy-Rasta-Lady-Empress-Jamaica-Reggae-Knit-Fitted-Pencil-Mini-Skirt-HRA3003-/271030099021 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709953034-SBZ8SB58LUHDZ89NLWOX/rastarockett.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Rockett (Cool Runnings) (1993) Photo: http://www.mesddl.net/films/rasta-rockett.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709995424-GSQWPW62E6CN1H71N37N/Shoes.jpg Commodifying Rasta Selassie Shoes Photo: http://flickrhivemind.net/Tags/af1,custom/Interesting Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513710036862-8Q4FCOSRM2YA3LU2L7K6/Suspenders.jpg Commodifying Rasta Suspenders Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-2662-rasta-suspenders.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513713603426-NIPGP5A3AZOM8A4O1N26/Bob+Marley+Mellow+Mood+Incense.jpg Commodifying Rasta Bob Marley Mellow Mood Incense Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-130-bob-marley-mellow-mood-incense.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709192149-TKKWIIDWBEA9VWTBRV1A/IMG_2096.jpg Commodifying Rasta Jah Bless You Skateboard Photo: Mark & Luke Ehrhardt Summer 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708551469-LR8Y7KCN3OMRCOL0B2N7/1045068_10100345280187714_73464790_n.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rastanana, Jonathan, and Rasta Monkey Photo: Elizabeth H. Flowers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708569144-GNANH0WT5KWBR5FCOWK5/IMG_2088.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rastanana Photo: Mark & Luke Ehrhardt Summer 201 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708597913-MP1D1XT0TVQRPFV4TFZB/image.jpg Commodifying Rasta International Roots Shop Key West, Florida Photo: Mark & Luke Ehrhardt Summer 201 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708623441-BNDLXPNLDJ8GCMWOKZOX/image-1.jpg Commodifying Rasta Skullcandy Headphones Photo: Mark & Luke Ehrhardt Summer 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513708640386-D3DMI1K38HJC2AUFYUQJ/image-asset.png Commodifying Rasta Neff Watch Photo: http://www.reggaeking.com/Neff_Estate_Watch_p/nf0213-ras.htm Accessed December 2017 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709504284-9234O1WBXH0DU4OODGSX/mellow+mood.jpg Commodifying Rasta Marley's Mellow Mood Photo: http://www.possessedbycaffeine.com/2012/07/marleys-mellow-mood-green-tea.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709514056-YD4DBM6T7161JQFDA3D3/Lion+of+Judah+Iphone+5+Case+2.jpg Commodifying Rasta Lion of Judah iPhone Case Photo: http://www.hulumakana.com/index.php?act=viewProd&productId=426 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709582228-Z6AN790S0V7LPOLN0LJ5/Element+Rasta+Backpack.jpg Commodifying Rasta Element Backpack Photo: http://www.polyvore.com/element_mohave_rasta_backpack_pdp/thing?id=21103686 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709603894-X13V5URKWNFLNN133HYY/Adidas+Snoop+Lion+Pro+Shell+Snooperstar.jpg Commodifying Rasta Adidas Snoop Lion Pro Shell Snooperstar Photo: http://www.kicksonfire.com/2012/09/17/snoop-lion-x-adidas-originals-pro-shell/#page-1 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709628081-OV0GHJFG24UKPAOGB6HW/Sunglasses.jpg Commodifying Rasta Sunglasses Photo: http://www.houseofsunglasses.net/index.php/rasta-wayfarer-sunglasses.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709644621-PNNJT182HLRY57X801CG/Surf+Board.jpg Commodifying Rasta Surf Board Photo: http://www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/1760-1506 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709659863-9961MH3M84N2YXXBKGOJ/rasta+ferrari.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta-Ferrari Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/kevindahlgren/7184903225/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709750792-QVG0WV3W1Q0PD13RIXV8/Bob+Marley+Rasta+Lion+Surf+Skirt.jpg Commodifying Rasta Bob Marley Rasta Lion Surf Skirt Photo: http://www.ebay.com/itm/BOB-MARLEY-Reggae-Rasta-Lion-Dreads-Jamaica-TieDye-Beach-TShirt-Surf-Sweat-Skirt-/350857548894 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709763983-EDHSF89EKN4VXPAL2ZEQ/ColorVue+Rasta+Contact+Lenses.jpg Commodifying Rasta ColorVue Contact Lenses Photo: http://www.beautifeye.co.uk/new-colourvue-rasta-crazy-colour-contact-lenses-1-year-wear-detail Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709780994-4529WIG5FV0QOQP11H21/Jellyfish.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Jellyfish: Ernie and Bernie, Sharks Tale Photo: http://www.gazette.uwo.ca/article.cfm?section=arts&articleID=92&month=10&day=5&year=2004 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709795643-QSYVRHX8CX7OPEHIUL1M/Lion+of+Judah+License+Plate+Frame.jpg Commodifying Rasta Lion of Judah License Plate Frame Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-1584-i-love-the-lion-of-judah-license-plate-frame.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709802501-BJAAAAUH9EM57QQUPK8V/Marijuana+Dog+Leash.jpg Commodifying Rasta Marijuana Dog Leash Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-1923-marijuana-purple-haze-dog-leash.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709847786-QISZS3598XIK6V56T3FN/Pasta.jpg Commodifying Rasta Jamaican Jerk seasoned chicken sautéed with onions, red, green, and yellow bell peppers, with a spicy Caribbean cream sauce over penne pasta. Photo: Maggie King Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709854235-5D75T6YNHFP0JIS7PQHB/Rasta+Bikini.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Swimsuit Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/p-1890-rasta-jamaica-mon-hollywood-halter-push-up-bikini-top.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709869318-OXTRKYNIOOW8H3TA9077/Rasta+Haile+Selassie+Coronation+Tie.jpg Commodifying Rasta Rasta Haile Selassie Coronation Tie Photo: http://www.rastaempire.com/c-97-ties.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709962009-O78PY3DIB5K3W1HUXWZ9/Rasta1.jpg Commodifying Rasta Brine Lacrosse Sticks Photo: http://www.lacrosseplayground.com/tags/sticks/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513709972287-62BNRQDVXNY6DNYQK2ML/Selassie+Boxing+Gloves.jpg Commodifying Rasta Selassie Boxing Gloves Photo: http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Selassie-Rastafari-Flag-Mini-Boxing-Gloves-/150877925775 Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513710044095-XR4ETDQCESFKVEWM1Y89/Weed+Leaves+Socks.jpg Commodifying Rasta Weed Leaves Socks Photo: https://www.rastaempire.com/p-1198-weed-leaves-socks.aspx Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513710079103-UU1T7RV22DPVCS6RNQIL/Xbox+360+2.jpg Commodifying Rasta Xbox 360 Photo: http://stickers-deco-consoles.fr/skin-stickers-xbox-slim-/58-xbox-360-slim-rasta.html Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513713587593-L9V5W1VY1JWK65WY3U4U/B+is+for+Bob+Baby+Stuff.jpg Commodifying Rasta B is for Bob Baby Photo: http://www.instituteofhigherthinking.com/category/the-kid/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1513713626369-04DRT0LO64TDD3MDZZFI/Bob+Marley+Profile+and+Smoking+Pint+Mug+Glass+Set.jpg Commodifying Rasta Bob Marley Profile and Smoking Pint Mug Glass Set Photo: http://kootation.com/bob-marley-acoustic-coffee-mug/page/2/ Accessed Spring 2013 https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/contact daily 0.75 2025-01-20 https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/writing daily 0.75 2022-09-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/c3b6a65f-0fa5-47b1-a1a7-c7fd666ad0a4/Book+Cover+Middleton.jpg Writing LATEST BOOK Spiritually-engaged readers commonly look towards fiction to better understand the depth of a faithful life, and Christians are no exception. Many followers of Jesus value beautifully written, deftly characterized and pulse-quickening literary art that often seems more satisfying than dry, frequently tedious doctrinal textbooks. The Writer and the Cross surveys twelve pieces of historical fiction that each feature notable Christian thinkers as protagonists. Texts include an illustrated children’s book about St. Irenaeus of Lyons, a novel about Martin Luther’s Reformation, a screenplay focusing on Dietrich Bonhoeffer and even a story of Pope Francis narrated in popular manga style. Rather than offering arcane literary analyses of such stories, this book provides winsome, thoughtful and sometimes painful interviews with the authors of the covered works. Most interviewees are little known or emerging writers. Some have published their work with a church or denominational press, others with a major publishing empire or popular print-on-demand platforms. Storytellers reflect on their literary choices and the contexts of their writing, sharing what modern Christians can learn from historical religious fiction. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/reading daily 0.75 2024-10-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1766944532171-5NBV6NT241MA0MGT5TT0/61sUKPdzGmL._AC_UF1000%2C1000_QL80_.jpg Reading https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1766944538539-KYPM1PMJBX280Z3K1YT9/9798765119334_p0_v1_s1200x1200.jpg Reading https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1766944549105-EBBOSSU0MHALJJA6QAD9/Screenshot+2025-12-28+at+11.46.48%E2%80%AFAM.png Reading https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1758830438700-RZLHE8RKYS0LNDPITQ4A/Screenshot+2025-09-25+at+3.00.10%E2%80%AFPM.png Reading https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/speaking daily 0.75 2026-02-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/d7aab7c7-1729-44f5-9cb4-3209672695a9/Screenshot+2026-02-05+at+11.07.29%E2%80%AFAM.png Speaking - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page daily 0.75 2021-08-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1766944478829-S2DUFOD1XDZJ7V3W9ID4/Screenshot+2025-12-28+at+11.47.51%E2%80%AFAM.png Listening https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1766944462084-08452NR6CBH9WN1N3N9T/Screenshot+2025-12-28+at+11.52.41%E2%80%AFAM.png Listening https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1766944470400-WXNCS7UB341QFS4XA4HE/Screenshot+2025-12-28+at+11.50.04%E2%80%AFAM.png Listening https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-1 daily 0.75 2025-09-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1671518206131-YPKF80N3R41R0K25X68P/unsplash-image-Qruwi3Ur3Ak.jpg Podcasts - PODCASTS https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-2 daily 0.75 2024-01-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/c3b6a65f-0fa5-47b1-a1a7-c7fd666ad0a4/Book+Cover+Middleton.jpg The Writer and the Cross - (2022) Spiritually-engaged readers commonly look towards fiction to better understand the depth of a faithful life, and Christians are no exception. Many followers of Jesus value beautifully written, deftly characterized and pulse-quickening literary art that often seems more satisfying than dry, frequently tedious doctrinal textbooks. The Writer and the Cross surveys twelve pieces of historical fiction that each feature notable Christian thinkers as protagonists. Texts include an illustrated children’s book about St. Irenaeus of Lyons, a novel about Martin Luther’s Reformation, a screenplay focusing on Dietrich Bonhoeffer and even a story of Pope Francis narrated in popular manga style. Interviewed storytellers reflect on their literary choices and the contexts of their writing, sharing what modern Christians can learn from historical religious fiction. Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-3 daily 0.75 2020-08-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595111504588-8PO288XMTVN14PF6RKTX/9780415831895.jpg Rastafari and the Arts - (2015) The religious underpinnings of the Rastafari religious movement are often overshadowed by Rasta’s association with reggae music, dub, and performance poetry. Rastafari and the Arts: An Introduction takes a fresh view of Rasta, considering the relationship between the artistic and religious dimensions of the movement in depth. Darren J. N. Middleton’s analysis complements current introductions to Afro-Caribbean religions and offers an engaging example of the role of popular culture in illuminating the beliefs and practices of emerging religions. Recognizing that outsiders as well as insiders have shaped the Rasta movement since its modest beginnings in Jamaica, Middleton includes interviews with members of both groups, including: Ejay Khan, Barbara Makeda Blake Hannah, Geoffrey Philp, Asante Amen, Reggae Rajahs, Benjamin Zephaniah, Monica Haim, Blakk Rasta, Rocky Dawuni, and Marvin D. Sterling. Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-4 daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595195602238-OZHI5O6ACJ73K5SNMS7U/9781441164162.jpg Graham Greene - (2011) Dermot Gilvary and Darren J. N. Middleton bring together writers, journalists and scholars to assess as well as to investigate Graham Greene’s prolific oeuvre and intense personal interests. Here the reader may explore everything from Greene’s Vienna at the time of the filming of The Third Man to his sometimes fraught relationship with Evelyn Waugh, from Greene’s unconventional fictional treatment of women to his “believing skepticism.” Featured essayists include: Judith Adamson, Mark Bosco, SJ; David Crystal; Christopher Hull; Francis McCormack; David R. A. Pearce; Brigitte Timmerman, and others. With a Foreword by David Lodge and an Afterword by Monica Ali Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-5 daily 0.75 2022-06-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595199640351-294QJ9C1Q4ETWR0JLGIJ/hres.9781556359651.jpg Mother Tongue Theologies - (2009) Recognizing that one-third of the world's Christians practice their faith outside Europe and North America, the fourteen essays in Darren J. N. Middleton’s Mother Tongue Theologies explore how international fiction depicts Christianity's dramatic movement South and East of Jerusalem as well as North and West. Structured by geographical region, this collection captures the many ways in which people around the globe receive Christianity. It also celebrates postcolonial literature's diversity. And it highlights non-Western authors’ biblical literacy, addressing how and why locally rooted Christians invoke Scripture in their pursuit of personal as well as social transformation. Featured authors include Fyodor Dostoevsky, Constantine Cavafy, Scott Cairns, Chinua Achebe, Madam Afua Kuma, Earl Lovelace, V. S. Reid, Ernesto Cardenal, Helena Parente Cunha, Arundhati Roy, Mary Martha Sherwood, Marguerite Butler, R. M. Ballantyne, Rudyard Kipling, Nora Okja Keller, Amy Tan, Albert Wendt, and Louise Erdrich. Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-29 daily 0.75 2020-12-31 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595201230763-WMD51A5IFEBA8VJYEPXH/Navigating+Deep+River+copy+2.png Shusaku Endo: Deep River - (2020) In this volume of essays, Mark W. Dennis and Darren J. N. Middleton have curated a wide-ranging discussion of Shūsaku Endō’s final novel, Deep River, in which four careworn Japanese tourists journey to India’s holy Ganges in search of spiritual as well as existential renewal. Navigating Deep River evaluates and probes Endō’s decades-long search to find the words to explain Transcendent Mystery, the difficult tension between faith and doubt, the purpose of spiritual journeys, and the challenges posed by the reality of religious pluralism in an increasingly diverse world. The contributors, including Van C. Gessel who translated Deep River into English in 1994, offer an engaged and patient exploration of this major text in world fiction, and this anthology promises to deepen academic appreciation for Endō, within and beyond the West. Learn more by clicking here. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/george-eliot daily 0.75 2020-12-31 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595265307237-UXACNXYFDBKGXUGCXYJS/9780879466640__26074.1551112014.1280.1280.jpg George Eliot - (2019) George Eliot, Illuminated by The Message is the tenth in the series “Literary Portals to Prayer,” each featuring excerpts from the work of a single literary giant paired with an illuminating quote from The Message: The Bible in Contemporary Language. For this volume, Darren J. N. Middleton has selected passages from Eliot's essays, poems, and fiction, including the following: Adam Bede; The Mill on the Floss; Silas Marner; Felix Holt: The Radical; Middlemarch; and Daniel Deronda. Learn more by clicking here. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-99 daily 0.75 2020-07-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595365951662-8UB1DZMRY629P9VYC48U/image-asset.jpeg Book Chapters https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595365984673-VTOP7SANZSVYKAWTFWGU/Greene+Bescancon.jpg Book Chapters https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595366005105-4LNHAJIK4B0BD2F8V81T/image-asset.jpeg Book Chapters https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595366075129-9TSEZSITMOXPIX1KO6TB/Bible+and+the+Arts.jpg Book Chapters https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595366903249-V2BCCVD5ZCAMFDFU1T4Y/Caribbean.jpg Book Chapters https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595366929150-T8YY849OGXRIGG2N3WHE/Son+of+Man+Africa.jpg Book Chapters https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595366949297-RHF1A4NIYRQFDL0L76S8/519XyGmL1lL._SX312_BO1%2C204%2C203%2C200_.jpg Book Chapters https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/theology-after-reading daily 0.75 2025-12-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595367502473-M23ZRFWPXBCURLFSVMDJ/images.jpeg Theology after Reading - (2008) Theology After Reading explores how recent novelists, alongside certain post-War Christian theologians, appear to be challenging, inverting, reinterpreting, and sometimes even affirming, the basic questions and answers of more traditional theologians. Focusing on five novels, Darren J. N. Middleton's book illustrates how literary art provokes theological reflection. Examining Graham Greene's The End of the Affair, Toni Morrison's Sula, Nikos Kazantzakis's The Last Temptation of Christ, Earl Lovelace's The Wine of Astonishment, and Paul Thigpen's My Visit to Hell, Middleton deftly illuminates the expression of both mainstream and progressive Christian doctrines as themes in these selected works of fiction, ultimately reaffirming the graced search for meaning in the mindful Christian life. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/nikos-kazantzakis-broken-hallelujah daily 0.75 2025-12-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595628403656-TBFZQVPIUDLUDC9POQOX/9780739119273.jpg Nikos Kazantzakis: Broken Hallelujah - (2007) Broken Hallelujah offers a unique perspective on one of the most prolific and celebrated twentieth-century European writers, Nikos Kazantzakis. Marking the fiftieth anniversary of Kazantzakis's death, Darren J. N. Middleton looks back on Kazantzakis's life and literary art to suggest that, contrary to popular belief, Kazantzakis and his views actually comport with the ideals of Christianity. As a theologian, Middleton approaches Kazantzakis as as a broadly sympathetic spiritual seeker rather than the traditional religious villain as he is routinely portrayed. Based on archival work conducted at the Kazantzakis library in Iraklion and at various monasteries on Mt. Athos, Middleton finds important connections between Kazantzakis's work and key themes in Eastern Orthodox theology, especially the "hesychastic" and "apophatic" traditions. This book advances modern Greek studies as well as general theological studies by acknowledging and celebrating Kazantzakis's clear if admittedly uneasy alliance with Christianity. Broken Hallelujah is a fascinating text that will interest scholars in Christianity and Literature studies, as well as those thinking through the faith in this era. Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/nikos-kazantzakis-scandalizing-jesus daily 0.75 2020-08-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595981901380-YL6OLRCX1L0BL3RICINT/9780826416070.jpg Nikos Kazantzakis: Scandalizing Jesus? - (2005) Clergy and laity alike have denounced Nikos Kazantzakis’s novel, The Last Temptation of Christ. When it first appeared, the Greek Orthodox Church condemned it, the Vatican placed it on its Index of Forbidden Texts, and conservative-evangelicals around the world protested its allegedly blasphemous portrayal of a human, struggling Messiah who “succumbs” to the devil's final snare while on the Cross: the temptation to happiness. Assuredly, the sentiments surrounding this novel, at least in the first thirty years or so, were very strong. When Martin Scorsese decided in the early 1980s to adapt The Last Temptation of Christ for the silver screen, even stronger feelings were expressed. After fifty years, however, the time seems right to re-examine the novel, the man, and the film, locating Kazantzakis and his work within an important debate about the relationship between religion and art (literary and cinematic). Darren J. N. Middleton’s volume contains original essays by Martin Scorsese, the film critic Peter Chattaway, and Kazantzakis’s translator, Peter A. Bien. Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/nikos-kazantzakis-gods-struggler daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1596053926298-TTWR3P7VV8LIHGCAKQ6O/51ljZBGzJEL._SX331_BO1%252C204%252C203%252C200_.jpg Nikos Kazantzakis: God's Struggler - (1996) It is often assumed that Nikos Kazantzakis's religious views were unorthodox and heretical, and therefore unworthy of a place in the history of Christian thought. We may see it as a part of a wider, Christian faith still in the making. Unlike so many studies of Kazantzakis, God's Struggler is a carefully planned attempt to argue that while Kazantzakis occupied the so-called borderlands between belief and unbelief throughout much of his life, he nonetheless was possessed with an intense awareness of the sacred. His spiritual roots ran deep. He struggled with received theological wisdom, inherited ideas about the divine, and sought to bring new life to timeworn religious notions. He wrestled with God. Contributors include: Michael Antonakes; John S. Bak; Peter Bien; Demetrios J. Constantelos; Jerry H. Gill; Ann M. Pederson; and, others. Learn more by clicking here https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/nikos-kazantzakis-novel-theology daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1596057414650-K3F48BM901VOBTJW428R/IMG_5034.jpg Nikos Kazantzakis: Novel Theology - (2000) In Novel Theology, Darren J. N. Middleton engages a conversation between literature and theology by using the narrative fiction of Nikos Kazantzakis and the process metaphysics of Alfred North Whitehead. Consequently, this book reveals the common post-Darwinian philosophy that shapes Kazantzakis's and Whitehead's understanding of an evolving, panentheistic God. It acknowledges that the exercise of sustaining this conversation at times becomes demanding because literature and theology use dissimilar textual modes and forms of discourse. Literature and theology constantly (de)construct each other, Middleton maintains. Suggesting that this (de)constructive assignment is one that cannot but be “in process itself,” he returns to it throughout his study. https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/god-literature-and-process-thought daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1596041380428-CFWHHV81IB2S2UX19A61/God%2C+Lit+Ashgate.jpeg God, Literature and Process Thought - (2002) Darren J. N. Middleton’s God, Literature and Process Thought looks at the use of God in writing, as a part of the creative advance, immersed in the processes of reality and affected by events in the world. This edited collection outlines and promotes the novel view that there is much to be gained when those who value the insights of process thought ‘encounter’ the many and varied writers of literature and literary theory. It also celebrates the notion of process poesis, a fresh way of reflecting theologically and philosophically that takes account of literary forms and promises to transform creatively the very structure of process thought today. Essayists include: William Desmond; Daniel A. Dombrowski; Andrew W. Hass; Christina K. Hutchins; Timothy Mooney; Rene P.H. Munnik; Lewis Owens; Bobby Caudle Rogers; Aliman Sears; Santiago Sia; and, Barry L. Whitney. Learn more by clicking here https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1596041875936-M8DZKHM5RMRLUNTSN6FJ/9781138541955.jpg God, Literature and Process Thought - (2019; 2020) Routledge reissued this anthology in HB in 2019 and in PB in 2020 https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/journal-editing daily 0.75 2023-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1765943935582-JS38N2R23V8VVXYJUX3U/Screenshot+2025-12-16+at+9.57.41%E2%80%AFPM.png Journal Editing https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1765944513739-DZ23Q148WHDU0Q2GMJHU/Screenshot+2025-12-16+at+10.07.44%E2%80%AFPM.png Journal Editing https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1718315217770-UZROS02LWA1U5HOWL79I/Screenshot+2024-06-13+at+4.46.42%E2%80%AFPM.png Journal Editing https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1694893070878-T9D6AOYNDXUXMIXAH2R9/1%2BCover%2Bcopy.png Journal Editing https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1694893091440-LBS6EZCSWEB53262SFQH/Screen%2BShot%2B2021-10-21%2Bat%2B9.45.12%2BPM.png Journal Editing https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-83 daily 0.75 2025-12-17 https://www.darrenjnmiddleton.com/new-page-2-1 daily 0.75 2022-06-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a32899912abd995504d95a2/1595110187001-SXAVXQ3MPLCUKB9ZMN26/9781623566944.jpg Shusaku Endo: Silence - (2015) Edited by Mark W. Dennis and Darren J. N. Middleton, this anthology is both a celebration of Shūsaku Endō’s award-winning novel as well as a significant contribution to the growing body of work on literature and religion. It features eminent scholars writing from Christian, Buddhist, literary, and historical perspectives, taking up, for example, the uneasy alliance between faith and doubt; the complexities of discipleship and martyrdom; the face of Christ; and, the bodhisattva ideal as well as the nature of suffering. It also frames Silence through a wider lens, comparing it to Endō’s other works as well as to the fiction of other authors. Includes an Afterword by Martin Scorsese on adapting Silence for the screen as well as the full text of Steven Dietz's play adaptation of Endō’s novel. 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